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Abstract: In 1964, KANEDA et al (1964) reported on the hypocholesterolemic effect of mushroom (Lentinus edodes, Shii-ta-ke) in the rat. It was elucidated that the effective substance, eritadenine, which was isolated and chemically identified from the mushroom, had hypolipidemic activity, lowering levels of all the plasma lipids in the rat (TAKASHIMA et al, 1973). Otherwise, patients with gallstones are frequently in hypercholesterolemic condition, especially in the case of cholesterol stones. The changes of composition of biliary lipids are most important factor for development of gallstones. Namely, lecithin-bile salt system which was advocated by ISAKSSON (1953-1954) has major role of solubilizing cholesterol in bile. Recently, it was recognized that lithogenic bile secreted from the liver has supersaturated to precipitate crystals of cholesterol in it as beginning of development of gallstones. From such point of biochemical view, cholelithiasis would be defined as one of the metabolic disorders of the liver. The present study describes experimental and clinical aspects of metabolic effect of eritadenine on lipids to investigate its clinical availability for gallstone disease.
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