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   Fruits 75 (3) 130-140 | DOI: 10.17660/th2020/75.3.5
ISSN 0248-1294 print and 1625-967X online | © ISHS 2020 | Fruits, The International Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Horticulture | Original article
Screening pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes for drought tolerance using physiological and phytochemical characteristics

S. Faraji1, M. Hadadinejad2,a, V. Abdossi1, T. Basaki3 and S. Karami3
1 Department of Horticulture Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Research Institute of Medicinal Plants Biotechnologies, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Department of Agricultural Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

SUMMARY
The present study aimed to evaluate physiological, phytochemical, fruit phytonutrients, and fruit yield (FY) of Iranian pomegranate genotypes under drought stress. A split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications, where the three irrigation regimes were allotted to main plots and the ten pomegranate genotypes were allotted to subplots. The three irrigation regimes including control, mild and severe drought stresses were applied from bud burst to fruit harvest, when 25, 50 and 75% of the total available soil moisture was depleted from the root-zone (~40 cm), respectively. The result of present study showed that with increase in drought stress levels fruit yield (FY), relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll, chlorophyll b, total soluble solids and titratable acidity were decreased, while water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), catalase, superoxide dismutase, chlorophyll a, total phenol content, and cyanidin-3-glucoside content were increased. The FY was significantly decreased in mild and severe drought stress conditions by 23.71 and 40.40%, respectively compared to the control. The distribution of genotypes on the biplot of principal component analysis under normal condition revealed a high genetic variation among the Iranian pomegranate genotypes. MTS and PSS genotypes, with high FY, proline content, WSC and catalase activity, were identified as preferable and suitable genotypes for both normal and mild stress conditions. In addition, PSS genotype maintained its FY in mild and severe drought stresses, which suggested as a preferable and superior genotype for cultivation in areas under drought stress.

Keywords drought stress, drought tolerant, fruit yield, secondary metabolites

Significance of this study

What is already known on this subject?

  • There is a high genetic diversity among Iranian pomegranate genotypes, however, drought stress is the main limiting factor in pomegranate fruit production.
What are the new findings?
  • ‘Post Sefide Shirin’ genotype maintained its fruit yield under drought stresses, which suggested as a preferable and superior genotype.
What is the expected impact on horticulture?
  • The cultivation of ‘Post Sefide Shirin’ genotype in areas with water shortage could be helpful to improve the quality and quantity of pomegranate fruit production.

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E-mail: m.hadadinejad@sanru.ac.ir  

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Received: 28 December 2019 | Accepted: 11 April 2020 | Published: 2 June 2020 | Available online: 2 June 2020

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