Volume 25 Number 2 Article 7 Pages: 43-45
Year 1971 Month 4
Title: Fireblight Susceptibility of Apple Rootstocks in Arkansas
Authors: R.C. Rom and D.A. Slack
Citation
Abstract:
Extensive evaluation of clonal apple
rootstocks in Arkansas started in 1961
when a replicated planting of Lodi,
Jonathan, Red Delicious and Golden
Delicious each propagated on EM IX,
EM VII, MM 106, and MM Ill, was
established at the Fruit Substation,
Clarksville, Arkansas.
At the end of three growing seasons,
the seriousness of tree loss due to fire
blight (Erwinia amylovora) became
apparent.
The more precocious trees
on EM IX and VII developed bloom
and twig blight which extended into
the scion trunk and, particularly in
the case of EM IX, into the rootstock.
At planting the graft union was placed
4-6" above the ground.
Observations
indicated that the stock was frequently
dead while the infected scion
was not.
Other observations showed
that with EM VII-trees where stock
suckering had occurred, fire blight
had infected the suckers and subsequently
killed the stock beneath an
otherwise healthy scion.
Data in
Table 1 show the percent of the original
planting for each rootstock surviving
after six years.
While tree mortality
was not always due to fire blight
( apple measles and winter injury
exacted a minor toll), a significant
amount of tree loss can be attributed
to fire blight, indicating variability in
fire blight susceptibility among rootstocks.
Unfortunately, no definitive record on mortality cause was kept in
this planting.
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