Volume 65 Number 1 Article 3 Pages: 26-41
Year 2011 Month 1
Title: Six-Year Performance of 14 Prunus Rootstocks at 11 Sites in the 2001 NC-140 Peach Trial
Authors: G.L. Reighard, T. Beckman, R. Belding, B. Black, P. Byers, J. Cline, W. Cowgill, R. Godin, R.S. Johnson, J. Kamas, M. Kaps , H. Larsen, T. Lindstrom, M. Newell, D. Ouellette, R. Pokharel, L. Stein, K. Taylor, C. Walsh, D. Ward and M. Whiting
Citation
Abstract:
Fourteen Prunus rootstock cultivars and selections budded with either ‘Redtop’, ‘Redhaven’ or ‘Cresthaven’
peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] were planted at 11 locations in North America in 2001 in a randomized block
design with a tree spacing of 5 by 6 m and 8 replicates.
This test planting was an NC-140 Cooperative Regional
Rootstock Project (www.nc140.org). There were 14 rootstocks in total, which included three peach seedling
rootstocks: Lovell, Bailey, and Guardian® ‘BY520-9’ [selection SC-17]. Clonal rootstocks included the peach ×
almond hybrids BH-4 and SLAP (Cornerstone); peach × plum hybrids K146-43 (Controller 5), K146-44, and P30-
135 (Controller 9); interspecific plum hybrids Hiawatha, Jaspi and Julior; interspecific Prunus hybrids Cadaman®
and VVA-1 (Krymsk® 1); and Prunus pumila L. selection Pumiselect®. Final tree size was largest in California,
Georgia, Maryland, and South Carolina.
BH-4, SLAP, SC-17, Lovell, and Cadaman® were the most vigorous
rootstocks.
Jaspi, K146-43, K146-44 and VVA-1 were the least vigorous, having trunk cross-sectional areas
20-50% of Lovell-rooted trees.
No rootstock had a significantly higher survival rate than Lovell at all locations,
but Bailey, K146-44, and P30-135 had good survival at all test sites.
Julior and Jaspi consistently produced root
suckers.
Pumiselect® had anchorage problems at several locations.
Cumulative fruit yields were highest on the
peach seedling, peach × almond, and Cadaman® rootstocks.
Lowest cumulative yields were from the small trees
on Jaspi, VVA-1 and K146-44 rootstocks.
Fruit weight did not differ much among rootstocks though cultivars on
Pumiselect® and K146-43 often had smaller fruit.
Cumulative yield efficiency was not consistently related to tree
size.
Rootstocks influenced dates of bloom and harvest, but not in a consistent manner across locations/cultivars.
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