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Abstract: The existence of at least one sort of auxotrophic nuclei m the untreated mycelium of commercial cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, leads the wnter to modify Pelham's life cycle (1965) of the mushroom (Wang, 1971) The proposed cycle indicates that the mushroom mycelium appears to be heterokaryotic after germination, because cultural conditions may define the nuclear ratio of the mycelium and it may require a certain nuclear ratio for fructification. From the evidence that Agaricus bisporus carries the character of secondary homothalhsm, the operation of a simple bipolar mating system (Miller, 1971) and the other information from genetic analysis of this culture (Raper and Raper, 1971; Raper, Raper, and Miller, 1972) are in good agreement with the proposed life cycle. The method for the approximation of nuclear ratio is largely based on both homokaryotic fractions of the minor and major nuclei and the heterokaryotic fraction by plate counts with either the conidia of Neurospora or hyphal fragments of Schizophyllum commune (Beadle and Coonradt, 1944; Prout, Huebschman, Levene and Ryan, 1953; Atwood and Mukai, 1955; Pittengerand Atwood, 1954, 1956; Atwood and Pittenger, 1955; Pittenger, Kimball, and Atwood, 1955; Davis, 1959, 1960; Snider, 1963). However, the average nuclear number in either the conidia of Neurospora or the hyphal fragments of Schizophyllum commune does not exceed five Hence it is the problem whether the method for the approximation mentioned above is applicable for the cases of highly multinucleate cells such as Agaricus bisporus. During the survey on the method available for the approximation of the nuclear ratio of highly multinucleate cells, the writer finds that the nuclear ratio of the mycelium of Agaricus bisporus grown on plates may be not so balanced that it does not fruit on plates.
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