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Abstract: Since plant materials are the primary substrates for most mushroom culture and the legumes are a good source of nitrogen, it would be desirable to use legumes for the culture of mushrooms of various species. However, leguminous plants as well as some other plants contain saponins. Many of the saponins are toxic to some microorganisms and to animals. Figure 1 shows the growth of mycelium of Pleurotus sapidus KALCHBR., the violet spored oyster mushroom, on 1% soy whey solubles from the General Mills Bontrae process with 5% rice straw decoction, and the molasses medium of Kostadinov et al. (1971). Soy whey contains saponins (Birk et al, 1963), Kostadinov's medium does not Saponins form sterides with sterols, sterols are found in natural fats and oils. Sterides are detoxified products, so the addition of corn oil might allow better growth on the soy whey for that reason (Gestetner et al., 1971). Any increase in growth on the medium of Kostadinov, however, would be due to other factors. It is readily seen (Fig. 1) that the increase in growth with added oil was much greater with soy whey-rice straw decoction than with Kostadinov's molasses medium. We have also used heat deproteinated alfalfa (lucerne) juice from the Pro- Xan process (de Fremery, 1972) with 5% rice straw decoction, with and without corn oil. It behaves almost identically with the soy whey.
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