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Abstract: During the 1950s, an epidemic disorder of A. bisporus was observed by mushroom growers and researchers in several countries. Gandy (1960) demonstrated that the Die-back disease of mushroom is transmissible through hyphal anastomosis, and Hollings (1962) showed this disease is caused by three types of mushroom viruses. Later, investigations on these disease are carried out in several countries, and many problems became clear, and practical control measures on mushroom cultivation are established recently. Polyhedral virus particles were first detected in Penicillium stoloniferum by Ellis and Kleinschmidt (1967), and were isolated and purified by Banks et al. (1968). They showed that the particles contained doublestranded RNA (ds-RNA), and that this induced interferon in mice. They also found similar particles from P. chrysogenum (1969). This antiviral activity of fungal viruses has received much attention, and recently many similar results are reported by many researchers. Recently, many electronmicroscopic studies on fungal viruses are carried out in many laboratories, and viruses or virus-like particles have been reported from over 65 spp. of fungi, but only few reports are known on viruses of other mushrooms. Inoue (1970) found three kinds of virus-like particles from Lentinus edodes (Shii-ta-ke). We began this research in Tokyo Univ. of Agr. and Tech. (1971-1973), and continued in Mori Mushroom Res. Inst, and in The Mushroom Res. Inst, in Japan. Investigation is now in progress, and detection of VLP from many native and cultivated strains of L. edodes, its purification, distribution, vicissitude, damage, therapy and IF inducing activity are studied.
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