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Abstract: Various mushrooms, including Lentinus edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia polytricha, and Flammulina velutipes have been reported to lower cholesterol levels when fed to rats (KANEDA and TOKUDA, 1966). In the case of Lentinus edodes, Shii-ta-ke, the active principle has been identified and confirmed as 2(R), 3(R)-dihydroxy-4(9-adenyl) butyric acid or 4-(6-aminopurin- 9-yl) 4-deoxy-D-erythronic acid, once known as lentysine or lentinacin, now designated eritadenine (CHIBATA et ed., 1969; KAMIYA et al; ROKUJO et al, 1970; TOKITA et al, 1972). Scrapie in mice has been receiving increased attention as a model for the so-called "slow" agents and may be related to such human diseases as Parkinsonism, presenile dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. While scrapie has been classified as one of the subacute, spongiform viral encephalopathies, the viral and chemical nature of the transmissible infectious principle remains to be established (THORMAR, 1971). Among the chemical alterations reported in scrapieaffected mice are decreased in total lipids (KIMBERLIN and MILLSON, 1967) and some decrease in fatty acids (HEITZAMAN and SKIPWORTH, 1969). These effects on lipid metabolism, the possible association of scrapie with some alteration of (lipid-containing) membranes, and the ability of Shiita- ke in the diet to alter lipid metabolism led to study of the effect of prolonged feeding of Shii-ta-ke to normal and scrapie-affected mice.
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