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Abstract: Prior work by Schisler and Sinden (1966) and Schisler (1967) has shown that supplementing at spawning and at casing with vegetable oils results in increased mushroom yield. The increase in yield occurred primarily in the first break and evidence for a relationship between lipid metabolism and the fruiting mechanism was presented. A single strain of mushroom was used in each investigation. Wardle and Schisler (1969) reported that the growth of mushroom mycelium in vitro was stimulated by the addition of lipids to the basal medium. Various vegetable oils and some animal fats caused similar increases in growth. Esters of oleic and linoleic acid with oil additions with equivalent oleic and linoleic acid concentrations resulted in similar increased growth of mycelium. Schisler and Patton (1970) reported that supplementation of mushroom compost at casing with ethyl linoleate stimulated mushroom yield and that ethyl linoleate and safflower oil addition with equivalent linoleic acid concentrations resulted in similarly increased yields. They suggested that this fatty acid can be responsible for the stimulation of yield in Agaricus bisporus caused by vegetable oils. Since ethyl linoleate addition results in both increased mycelial growth and increased yield of sporophores, perhaps increased yield is a reflection of increased mycelial growth. The addition of oil to mushroom compost just before Phase II of composting (Schisler and Patton, 1970) enabling the mushroom mycelium to assimulate the lipids before cropping, caused increases in mushroom yield; however, adding oil again at casing also resulted in additional yield increases. Wardle and Schisler (1969) reported that there was no difference in the growth rate of 6 strains on a basal medium. When vegetable oil was added to the basal medium the growth of 5 strains was stimulated, but the sixth (strain 314) was not. Holtz and Schisler (1971) reported that the linoleic acid content of this strain which failed to respond with increased mycelial growth was significantly lower than the other strains. The research in this paper to determine the fruiting response of these same strains is an attempt to clarify a possible correlation of increased mycelial production with increased sporophore yield resulting from lipid addition to compost.
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