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Abstract: The selection and development of new and improved strams of the commercial mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, is an open-ended approach to better production That is to say, there is always the possibility of strain improvement which may result in cultures that are faster growing, earlier producing, more productive, of better sporocarop quality for various market outlets, less shrinkage in processing, more adaptable to mechanical harvesting, etc. Selection of superior strains would appear to be one of the best ways of improving crops without increasing costs of production appreciably. Much progress has already been made in strain improvement as has been previously reported by Lambert (1959) and Kneebone (1959, 1968) Cultures from single spores, multispores, tissue, mycelial transfers and the use of mutagenic agents have all resulted m the isolation of improved strains which have vastly increased the spectrum of germ plasm available to spawnmakers. Evans (1959) has suggested that mycelial and sporocarp variations may be due to the irregular nuclear constituency of spores and hyphae Basidia of A bisporus may produce 2-4 spores each, although 2 is most common These newly produced spores, furthermore, may contain 1-4 nuclei of sister or non-sister types, and before germination may contain as many as 8 nuclei Individual hyphal cells may contain as few as 1 or as many as 36 nuclei All of these haploid nuclei apparently divide independently of one another Variation could therefore be expected.
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