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Abstract: The mycelium of various higher mushrooms grows successfully in submerged culture with a carbohydrate base, not only in retorts, but also in 15–50 m3 containers. Several compounds may serve as a carbohydrate source. The mycelium develops at pH 3.4–6.8, the optimal concentration of H+ is different for various species. The amount of air necessary per minute is 1 m3 per 1 m3 of the medium. The pressure has to be 0.5–0.7 atm. Absolute sterility is required. One cycle lasts 16–72 hours, depending on the inoculating material. The process may be continuous or discontinuous. The separation of mycelium from the liquid medium takes place in filter presses or separators; afterwards it is dried in a spray drier. The final product has a light brown colour and a specific smell.
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