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Abstract: Losses due to infestation of mushroom beds by fungal diseases and pests amounted in Poland to about 30% of the total crop in 1963. In 60% of the investigated cases the failure was due to eelworms. A description is given of the most noxious species and the ways they get into mushroom houses. In Poland the main source of bed infestation by eelworms is the casing soil. The best control is the use of heat. The author porposes for treatment of the casing material in small mushroom houses to use the heat generated naturally during the sweat out process and describes four ways of casing soil treatment in shallow boxes or on soil ridges erected directly on top of each shelf bed. After 16 hours of peak heating at 56°C (133°F) the worms in the casing soil are completely destroyed. Comparative crop trials were carried out with different methods of casing soil sterilization applied in Poland. The most satisfactory crops were obtained with casing soil peak-heated on shelf beds Ranging second were the results with casing soil sterilized first with Vapam and then peak-heated.
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