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Abstract: Research on spawn has been continuous at the Pennsylvania State University since 1930. During this time an extensive collection of mushroom cultures has been assembled over 300 of the commercial mushroom are maintained by periodic transfer to fresh media and in spore print form. They vary in rate of growth, vegetative appearance, productivity, etc. Mushrooms produced under standard conditions from these cultures vary in average size and shape, specific gravity, pigmentation, degree of smoothness or scaliness, amount of shrinkage during processing, etc. Although less pronounced, there are also differences in susceptibility to heat, variable moisture, and certain diseases and abnormalities. Most of the cultures have resulted from a selection program using mushroom tissue, single spore or multispore germinations. Many are vegetative transfers of cultures obtained from elsewhere. In a few cases degeneration or change has occurred, but most of them have remained remarkably stable. Spawn making procedures are described including collecting, storing, and germination of spores, tissue culture, preparation of media, transferring techniques, and preparation of grain spawn. Services rendered by the Mushroom Laboratory include training of spawnmakers, diagnosing, and providing stock cultures.
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