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Abstract: In the absence of knowledge of its genetic system, the breeding methods for the mushroom have remained comparatively crude. The importance of isolating the total products of meiosis is stressed, and a method for germinating all spores from one basidium is outlined. The necessity to grow all cultures to maturity in isolation from each other is emphasized. Sporophore and mycelial characters are compared and the production of mutants with specific biochemical requirements is described. Counts of 2-, 3- and 4-spored basidia have been shown to vary according to the age of the mushroom and the age of the crop. Results of growing 'twin' cultures (cultures from the two spores of one basidium) indicate a segregation of some factor or factors controlling fertility. Fertility is discussed in terms of incompatibility systems and genes controlling the production of fruiting bodies.
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