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Abstract: After several days of peakheating in the mushroomhouses (not pasteurizing of "dead" compost), the production of ammonia decreases. At this moment we allow the temperature to go down to about 45°C and hold it there for one or two days. Usually a thermophilic mould develops during this period. In laboratory experiments as well as in commercial growing we have observed a correlation between the appearance of this mould and a compost that will later prove to be a good one, i.e. produce a good crop. This mould has been established in pure culture and determined by the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baarn, Holland. It proved to be morphologically identical to Humicola nigrescens Omvik. The latter, however, has its temperature optimum at 25°C. The mould of the compost (and waste heaps) thus represents a thermophilous strain of the Humicola nigrescens Omvik which is in the collection of C.B.S. at Baarn. A diagnosis of the latter mould has been given by Omvik (3). Omvik isolated this mould on filter paper from soil in Norway.
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