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Abstract: In China, a well-constructed registration system for Lentinula edodes strains is not yet established, although China is now the world’s largest producer of this edible and medicinal fungus. Here we report the use of SCAR (sequence characterised amplified region) markers for strain differentiation. Six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) specific bands were selected, cloned and sequenced, then used as bases for designing SCAR markers: Shen Xiang 93F/R, 45F/R, 507F/R, 241F/R, 135F/R and 9015F/R. The RAPD markers were then converted into SCAR markers, which were much more specific and stable. A test of the four SCAR markers using 163 strains collected from all over the country validated their feasibility and reliability. In the same way, we converted a single inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) fragment into a SCAR marker, which can be used to correctly identify one strain (No. 7) from a total of 85 strains representing three separate species. Our data provide the foundation for a precise and rapid PCR-based strain-diagnostic system for L. edodes. The strain-specific SCAR markers were suitable for the rapid identification of L. edodes.
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