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Abstract: An unusual infectious disorder (patch disease) linked to Mushroom Virus X (MVX) on cultivated Agaricus bisporus was first noted in 1996 on British mushroom (www.warwick.ac.uk), often observed with barren patches beside healthy looking mushrooms, arrested pins, premature opening, brown, off-colour and distortions in shape. MVX infected mushrooms carried at least 26 characteristic (MVX) dsRNA bands (e.g., Grogan et al., 2003; Adie et al., 2004) ranging from 640bp to 20.2Kb. We have recently identified a browning factor lipodepsipeptide (tolaasin), among other peptides produced by Pseudomonas tolaasii and other P. syringae strains co-colonising on the skin of mushrooms. The results reviewed (Rao et al., 2007) suggest that the 4 low molecular weight dsRNA bands (sizes 2.0. 1.8.0.8 an 0.6 kb) found synchronous to mushroom off-colour/browning symptoms may also be due to certain environmental stress responses (Sonnenberg et al., 2004) and the MVX disease comprise multiple viruses. In the light of these reports, and because other individual MVX dsRNAs or their banding patterns lack credible relationship with other symptoms of the MVX patch disease, we investigated the effects of stress induced by external stimuli such as microbe associated molecules (bacterial lipoproteins), fungal ribotoxic metabolites and alien dsRNAs on the growth and developmental processes of mushrooms.
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