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Abstract: It is reported here the recent research on the morphology and biomechanics of the mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) cap, aiming to correlate the structural basis of texture to discoloration. Morphologically distinct layers have been identified in the upper part of mushroom caps. The high degree of organisation of the hyphae in the cap affects mushroom stiffness, plastic deformation and the energy supplied during compression. The outermost surface layer has a mechanical role on the opening of the cap. The effects of a wide range of environmental and agronomic factors on mushroom texture were examined. A simple and accurate method was developed to estimate mushroom firmness using solely the fresh weight and dry weight ofmushroom plugs. Hyphae were subjected to controlled mechanical damage and the discolored areas were observed under electron microscopy.
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