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Volume 15 Part 2 Article 12
Year 2000
Title: Bioconversion of wheat straw by Lentinus tuber regium and its potential utilization as food, medicine and animal feed
Authors: A. Braun, M. Wolter and F. Zadrazil, G. Flachowsky and C.C. Mba

Abstract:

Bioconversion of wheat straw supplemented or not with ammonium nitrate by Lentinus tuber regium (Fr) was investigated by long term solid state fermentation using fungal growth, Sclerotium and sporophore production, lignin degradation and the in vitro digestibility as indices of bioconversion capability. Wheat straw supported vigorous fungal growth producing Sclerotium and fruiting body initials within 50 days. Lentinus tuber regium demonstrated high lignolytic capability with high lignin degradation (Org. matter/lignin degradation coefficient = 2). Fungal growth mediated specific physicochemical transformation of straw substrate including degradation of lignin and increase of in vitro digestibility of straw substrate, and production of high quality Sclerotium and fruiting body. Ammonium nitrate supplement, although, played little or no role in Sclerotium and fruiting body initiation, induced very high increase in fungal metabolic rate, sustained greater Sclerotium and fruiting body yield, lignin degradation, enhanced lignin degradation coefficient, breakdown of organic matter, and greater efficiency of degraded organics. It however delayed and depressed the increase in the in vitro digestibility of straw substrate. Protein analysis of the Sclerotium showed high values of protein with a high quality amino acid profile for humans. Regression analysis showed proportionality between a) lignin degradation and the in vitro digestibility b) degradation of organic matter and sclerotium/fruiting body production c) lignin degradation and degradation of organic matter. The above underscore the capability of Lentinus tuber regium to selectively biodegrade lignin and efficiently mediate conversion of wheat straw to high quality mushroom for humans and, upgraded high quality animal feed.

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