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Abstract: Breeding of high yielding strains of Pleurotus ostreatus has been traditionally accomplished by trial and enor. By pairing neohaplonts (monokaryotic component of selected dikaryons), the chances to obtain improved hybrids are increased, since utilization of meiotic progenies becomes unnecessary. In this smdy, improved strains of P. ostreatus were obtained by coupling recovery of neohaplonts from selected dikaryons and detection of high yielding 2DG resistant hybrids. By pairing 7 neohaplonts, 13 hybrid strains of P. ostreatus were produced and six hybrids showed resistance to 2DG and improved fruiting characteristics, i.e. they required 62 days to fruit and they achieved maximum productivity (96% biological efficiency) in a fruiting period of 28 days, with fruit bodies of 18.5 g average weight. However, in opposition to previous results, sfrains resistant to 2DG did not fruit earlier. Although the character for resistance to 2DG was distributed randomly in the 4 mating types of the progenies from 3 resistant hybrids, the proportion of resistant monokaryons in the progeny was influenced by the resistance of the two monokaryotic components of the dikaryon. Since resistance to 2DG is not associated to a mating type, breeding of improved sfrains is greatly facilitated.
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