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Abstract: We present here some aspects of the morphogenesis and the developmental stages of A. bisporus in health and disease. The fruit bodies can react to tissue injuries and to an altered gravitational field. Lamellar morphogenesis can be modified; dysplastic growth patterns can be induced experimentally. It is shown that the hymenophoral type of rosecomb disease is a developmental error ensuing after injury or focal absence of the partial veil. Such a process involves a 'signal-effect couple' which phenomenon helps us to explain morphogenesis in normal and pathological conditions. Defining 'normal' is a difficult task; mycelial cord formation is a normal process for A. bisporus but such structures are absent in Pleurotus spp. Experimental heavy metal (Zn) intoxication results in developmental errors of the partial veil followed by a process similar to Open Veil Disease. The Hyphal Reserve Cells (HRC) are normally scattered in hyphae as segments remaining in an undifferentiated state throughout the life span of macrofungi. Specific adaptive activities, some of the cellular defense mechanisms, and several pathological conditions can be explained by the hypothesis that describes the HRC as the fungal equivalent of stem cells.
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