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Abstract: Primordia formed at a greater depth in fractions of the crumbled paper (<2.5 mm, <5 mm, <10 mm, <16 mm) than in the peat casing because of the different total pore volumes and air/water volume ratios of the aggregate fractions. Differences between paper variants were, however, insignificant. Measurements showed that the CO2 concentration was generally higher at a depth of 2 cm and 4 cm in the peat casing and in the substrate underneath the peat casing material than at the same depth in crumbled paper screened to <5 mm and <16 mm. Owing to the higher diffusion rate in the crumbled paper, the ideal CO2 concentration for primordia formation occurred at a greater depth in the paper than in the peat casing material. The addition of supplements to the crumbled paper compacted its structure to a varying extent. This gave rise to a higher CO2 concentration in the casing than occurred with paper without additives. Despite this effect, the CO2 concentration in all the paper casing variants remained lower than in the peat casing. This explains why mushrooms generally fruit slightly deeper in the paper-containing casing material. Growers are recommended to obtain a slightly higher C02 concentration than usual in the ambient air during primordia formation in paper-containing casing material.
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