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Abstract: Nowadays at least 40 different types of organic waste, wild herbs and weeds are available for mushroom growing. More than 80% of them can directly be used as a substrate for mushroom cultivation and about 20% can be used as additives to very poor substrates. The unenriched wastes can be used: simply moistened or untreated, pasteurized, fermented or sterilized. About 30 mushroom species and even more than 60 different cultivars can be tested on the 40 available wastes. Our work resulted in the efficient use of more than 20 wastes as a substrate for more than 20 cultivated mushroom species. The highest yields were achieved with straw or corn-cob based substrates for Pleurotus; sawdust for shiitake, Pholiota and Collybia; grass chaff for Stropharia and compost for Agaricus. Also with sunflower peels, cotton waste, bean straw and linen waste unexpected high yields were obtained for different Pleurotus strains
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