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Abstract: The development of molecular biology in the edible basidiomycete A. aegerita has led to the cloning of three types of genes : genes involved in the morphogenesis of fruit bodies, genes coding for ribosomal RNAs and for biosynthetic padiway enzymes. Complementary DNAs specific of DNA sequences preferentially expressed during fruit body formation were isolated by the differential screening of a cDNA library with mRNAs from the un-differentiated and differentiated stages. A cDNA sequence related to ribosomal RNAs was isolated by its ability to strongly hybridize with (1) ribosomal RNAs, (2) repeated genomic sequences and (3) isologous genes of ascomycetes. A gene encoding for an enzyme involved in the uracile biosynthetic pathway was cloned by its expression and the complementation of the relevant mutation in E. coli. Isolation of genes complementing auxotrophic mutations aUows to consider the development of efficient gene transfer system in A. aegerita. Genetic transformation can be used to study the functions of morphogenesis genes and for the transfer of genetic markers or agronomically interesting genes with a view to genetic improvement
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