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Abstract: Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacco has a world wide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas (Lowy, 1952). It is highly prized for its edibility in China, where it is known as Mou Leh, and is extensively cultivated (Singer, 1961). The fruitbodies have not been examined ultrastructurally. This study was begun for two reasons, first. to determine the changes in cytoplasm and wall occurring during the development of the phragmobasidium, and, second, to search for characteristics which may be useful in understanding basidial evolution. The ultrastructural events that occur in the development of holobasidia are comparatively well known but they have been little studied in phragmobasidia (McLaughlin, 1977b) and in press). Evolutionary relationships between phragmobasidiate and holobasidiate groups are uncertain (e.g., Savile, 1955; Rogers, 1971) and ultrastructural features may provide some additional clues to these relationships. This communication is a progress report on the study of the hymenium of A. polytricha. It deals primarily with the basidium. Observations are presented on the cytoplasm of the diploid and four-nucleate basidium and of septa and walls at the four-nucleate stage.
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