Vol. 46

Title:
Embryo Rescue and Genetic Transformation

Author:
Richard Emershad

pp: 370-373

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION

A part of the plant breeding program at the USDA's Agricultural Research Service in Fresno is to develop early-ripening fresh market stone fruit and seedless grapes for the table and raisin industry. The California stone fruit industry needs earlier ripening cultivars which have fruit with good size, color, and eating qualities (i.e., high sugar and firm texture). For California's table and raisin grape industry early-, mid-and late-ripening seedless cultivars are needed with good fruit characteristics. Using conventional breeding the presence of immature embryos in early-ripening stone fruit and seedless grapes only allows their use as male parents. Therefore, in stone fruit, mid-season selections that develop mature seeds are used as female parents. For grapes, seeded females are used and only about 15% of the hybrid offspring are seedless. These small hybrid populations of early-ripening stone fruit and seedless grapes make the development of new cultivars slow and

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