Volume 53 Number 2 Article 18
Year 1999 Month 4
Title: Rootstock Effects on Growth and Fruiting of a Spur-Type and Standard Strain of ´Delicious` Over Eighteen Years
Authors: J.A. Barden and R.P. Marini
Abstract:
'Red Prince,' a standard strain and 'Redchief' (Campbell strain), a spur-type strain of 'Delicious'
apple were grown on several rootstock/interstock combinations for 18 years.
The dwarfs were Malling
9 (M.9), M.26, M.9/Malling Merton 106 (MM.106), and M.9/MM.111. The semi-dwarfs were M.7,
MM.106, and MM.111. Five three-tree replications were used.
In-row spacing was varied from 1.8 to
5.5 m depending on the scion/interstock/rootstock combination; between-row spacing was 6.1 m
throughout the experiment.
Tree survival ranged from a high of 100% for five combinations to as low
as 13% for both 'Delicious' strains on MM.106. In the dwarf group, trees of both strains on M.26 were
the largest, those on M.9/MM.111 were intermediate, and those on M.9 and M.9/MM.106 were the
smallest.
The greatest numbers of rootsuckers were on trees on M.9/MM.111 and M.7. Crop density
tended to be higher with 'Redchief' than 'Red Prince' and higher in the dwarf than semi-dwarf group.
With both 'Redchief and 'Red Prince,' cumulative per-tree yields were greater on M.26 than on M.9
or M.9/MM.111. Trees of 'Redchief' on the three semi-dwarf rootstocks yielded similarly; 'Red
Prince' trees on MM.lll out-yielded trees on M.7. With both strains, trees on M.9 and M.9/MM.106
tended to have higher cumulative yield efficiencies than those on M.26 or M.9/MM.111. Cumulative
yields (T/ha) for both strains were highest for trees on M.26 compared to all other rootstocks.
Cumulative yields for the three semi-dwarf rootstocks differed little with either scion.
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