Volume 51 Number 1 Article 9
Year 1997 Month 1
Title: Grape Bud Survival in the Midwest Following the Winter of 1993-1994
Authors: B.P. Bordelon, D.C. Ferree and T.J. Zabadal
Abstract:
The winter of 1993-1994 was one of the coldest on record across much of the midwestern U.S.
Minimum winter temperatures in January 1994 ranged from -16°F (-27°C) to -39°F (-39°C) across
Michigan, Indiana, and Ohio.
Temperatures remained below 0°F (-18°C) in most areas for several
days during January preceding the coldest temperature events.
Primary bud survival was rated on
69 American, French-American hybrid, and Vitis vinifera grape cultivars and advanced breeding
selections in research blocks and commercial vineyards in Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio.
Results
generally are in agreement with previous reports in that American cultivars were the most hardy,
French-American nybrids were somewhat less hardy, and the Vitis vinifera cultivars were the least
hardy.
However, some French-American hybrids including 'Foch,' 'DeChaunac,' 'Frontenac,'
'LaCrosse,' and 'Ventura' were more hardy than the American cultivars.
Many cultivars had better
bud survival than expected for the minimum temperatures experienced.
These ratings represent a
good measure of the maximum winter hardiness of the cultivars surveyed because conditions for
winter hardening in the fall of 1993 were ideal, and there were no winter temperature fluctuations
or sharp temperature drops leading to the January 1994 episode.
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