Volume 49 Number 3 Article 30
Year 1995 Month 7
Title: Performance of Three Apple Cultivars with 23 Dwarfing Rootstocks During 8 Seasons in Washington
Authors: B.H. Barritt, B.S. Konishi and M.A. Dilley
Abstract:
The performance of 23 apple rootstocks was
evaluated with cultivars Golden Delicious,
Granny Smith and Delicious during eight seasons.
Rootstocks in the trial, listed in order of
increasing tree vigor when measured as trunk
cross-sectional area (TCA), were M.27 EMLA,
P.16, Mark, V.3, MAC.9, P.22, B.146, M.9, CG.10,
P.2, M.9 EMLA, V.1, B.9, O.3, MAC.39, M.26
EMLA, V.7, C6, V.2, M.7A, OAR.l, V.4 and P.1.
There was little change in ranking of rootstocks
for TCA after year 3 and the ranking of rootstocks
was essentially similar with each cultivar.
Root suckers were most numerous with MAC.9,
V.4, B.146, Mark, P.l and M.7A. The most
precocious rootstocks, based on second year
bloom and third year production, were M.9
EMLA, O.3, V.7, B.9, V.1, MAC.9 and M.9, and
the least precocious rootstocks were OAR.l,
M.7A, P.l, V.4, CG.10, B.146 and M.26 EMLA.
With each cultivar, cumulative yield/tree to
year 8 increased as rootstock vigor increased.
Cumulative yield efficiency (kg yield/cm2 TCA)
at year 8 was generally highest for the most
dwarfing rootstocks (V.3, P.16, B.9, P.22, M.9,
MAC.9, B.146, M.9 EMLA, P.2, Mark, O.3 and
V.1) and lowest for the most vigorous rootstocks
(OAR.l, P.l, V.4, M.7A and C6). There was little
change in the ranking of rootstocks for cumulative yield efficiency from year 6 onward and
the ranking of rootstocks was generally similar
with each cultivar.
With ten rootstocks (B.9,
O.3, M.26 EMLA, V.7, P.22, V.1, P.2, V.3, MAC.39
and M.9) mean fruit weight adjusted for crop
load was not different from M.9 EMLA during
six seasons with three cultivars.
Rootstocks with
the lowest fruit weight were Mark, M.27 EMLA,
MAC.9, P.l and OAR.l.
Biennial bearing of
Golden Delicious and Granny Smith was more
pronounced with vigorous than with dwarfing
rootstocks.
With Delicious biennial bearing was
generally greatest with the more dwarfing
rootstocks.
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