ISHS Acta Horticulturae 785: International Symposium on Grape Production and Processing
INTERACTION OF SODIUM AND POTASSIUM AND POTASSIUM USE EFFICIENCY IN THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPE |
| Authors: | S.D. Shikhamany, Jagdev Sharma |
| Keywords: | sodium, potassium, grapes, Thompson Seedless, black leaf |
| Abstract:
In nutritional surveys conducted by the National Research Centre for grapes, pune, sodium content of petioles of vines on Dogridge rootstock and in vertisols was more than on own root and in alfisols. This was in contrast to potassium contents. The average (all the samples pooled together across the soil and stocks) K content ranged from 0.36% to 3.68% with a mean value of 2.15% ±0.76 S.D and the Na content ranged from 0.03% to 1.05% with a mean value of 0.28±0.27 S.D. Vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock showed preference for the absorption of Na, while own rooted Thompson Seedless for K. Both petiole potassium and sodium were positively correlated with yield. Optimum level of petiole K was less (51.45 me/100 g) in vertisols on rootstock, as compared to alfisols on own root (82.81 me/100 g). Contrarily, optimum level of Na was more (46.88 me/100 g) on rootstock in vertisols than on own root in alfisols (7.4 me/100 g). On the other hand, total content of (K + Na) was almost same on rootstock in vertisols (95.3 me/100 g) and on own root in alfisols (96.2 me/100 g) suggesting the substitution of K by Na. Potassium and sodium were positively correlated in alfisols, while negatively in vertisols. Antagonism between K and Na revealed that efficiency of applied K would be less when petiole levels of Na are high in vertisols. Synergism between K and Na was also observed in alfisols. High sodium content was not found toxic in vineyards under study, as long as it’s content of petioles did not exceed 46.88 me/100 g and the Na/K ratio by 0.7. Higher ratios of sodium/potassium above 0.70 were associated with ‘Black Leaf’, marginal chlorosis and necrosis of leaves and yield reduction. Antagonism between K and Na revealed that efficiency of applied K would be less when petiole levels of Na are high in vertisols. Higher rates of potash application are recommended in such situation, particularly in vertisols on Dogridge rootstock to restrict the uptake of sodium and safeguard against these deleterious effects. | |
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