ISHS Acta Horticulturae 761: XXVII International Horticultural Congress - IHC2006: International Symposium on Advances in Environmental Control, Automation and Cultivation Systems for Sustainable, High-Quality Crop Production under Protected Cultivation
MICRO FLORA AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN CONTINUOUS CROPPING CUCUMBER SOIL IN SOLAR GREENHOUSES AS INFLUENCED BY APPLICATION OF CORN STALKS OR WHEAT STRAW |
| Authors: | Y.F. Qi, M. Wei, H.T. Wu, X.F. Wang, B.H. Du |
| Keywords: | crop straw, bacterium, actinomyce, fungus, soil enzymes, continuous cropping obstacle |
| Abstract:
The change of soil biological properties under protected cultivation is an important reason for vegetable continuous cropping obstacle. To probe into measures for biological recovery and for improving the soil continuously cropped by cucumber in solar greenhouses, experiments with potted cucumber ‘Xintaimici’ were conducted to study the effects of corn stalks and wheat straw applied at different rates on micro flora and enzyme activities in soil. Chicken manure served as control. The results indicated that, after two months, the activities of saccharase, urease and catalase increased with applied rates of corn stalks and wheat straw. However, there were no significant differences between applied rates beyond 1.2% of soil in weight, which made the activity of saccharase always higher than in the control (chicken manure). Applying corn stalks or wheat straw at 1.2% resulted in the highest number of fungi in soil, while the treatments with 1.6% corn stalks and 2.0% wheat straw reached the highest number of both bacteria and actinomyces. After four months, the enzyme activities in soil receiving corn stalks rose initially, with increasing applied rates, and reached the highest at 1.2% corn stalks dosage. Higher doses reduced enzyme activities. With the wheat straw, the more amount was applied, the higher activities of enzymes appeared. The activity of saccharase in soils with corn stalks or wheat straw was significantly higher than in the soil fertilized with chicken manure, but the activ¬ities of catalase and urease followed other patterns. Compared with fertilization of chicken manure, applications of corn stalks and wheat straw at proper rates enhanced the proliferation of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces, with higher values in the corn stalks treatments. The highest number of bacteria was reached when applying 1.2% corn stalks or 1.6% wheat straw. The quantities of actinomyces and fungi increased with the applied rates. The number of ammoniac bacteria in soils fertilized with corn stalks or wheat straw was much higher than in soil with chicken manure. On the contrary, the number of nitrobacteria was bigger in chicken manured soil. | |
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