ISHS Acta Horticulturae 734: VIII International Symposium on Plum and Prune Genetics, Breeding and Pomology
A SURVEY OF THE GENETIC RESOURCES USED IN PLUM BREEDING |
| Author: | J. Blazek |
| Keywords: | Prunus domestica, Prunus salicina, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus species, plum, genetic resources, breeding |
| Abstract:
There is a total of 2,254 accessions of plums and prunes that are included in the present European Prunus (EP) database. A great majority of them have been previously classified as belonging to Prunus domestica. When obvious duplicates are subtracted, there still remain approximately 1,300 different varieties of the species that are potentially available for plum breeders in about 30 European countries. More than 2,000 other varieties of the crop, mostly present in East European countries, have not been submitted in the database yet. Outside the territory, 128 accessions of Prunus domestica are held in the US Germplasm repository. The next most numerous plum species in Europe regarding genetic resources is Prunus cerasifera, which has been substituted by 347 accessions (about 280 varieties) in the EP database and about 700 varieties outside the database (mostly collected in Ukraine and Russia). Most of the present plum breeding worldwide, however, is focused on Prunus salicina and its relatives. This species is represented by 57 accessions in the EP database and another 45 in the US. A great majority of these genetic resources, however, represented by more than 1500 accessions, are being preserved in Russia, China and Japan. A very small percentage of genetic resources to a global extent has been utilized in plum breeding so far or was properly screened for this purpose. Some examples of their successful application are given. | |
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