ISHS Acta Horticulturae 726: IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds
PISTACHIO PRODUCTION, IRAN VS. THE WORLD |
| Author: | S. Razavi |
| Keywords: | export, import, yield, world, Iran |
| Abstract:
During the past 50 years, Pistachio, because of its consumption has been welcomed as one of the main commercial products. The main habitat of pistachio is the Middle East, especially Iran. Rafsanjan (a township) is one of the most significant areas for Pistachio production in the world. In 2004, Iran had a share of 53% of the world planted area. In 2003, the area of pistachio plantation in Kerman province was 45.5 percent and in Rafsanjan were about 20.6% of total world pistachio orchards. In 2004, the area of pistachio bearing planted in USA was about 6.6% of the world area. The share of Iran and USA in pistachio production in 2004 was 44% and 13% respectively. The total world pistachio production in 2003 was about 663.3 thousand t, 16.6% belongs to Rafsanjan. In USA, the total investment for establishment and maintenance of one hectare of pistachio orchard to reach economic production is about 1.4 times of the expenses in Iran. Annual operating cost of bearing pistachio orchard per hectare in USA is about 3.8 times more than in Iran. Main exporters of pistachio are Iran, USA, Turkey, Syria, Greece and Italy. In 2003, Iran as the most important pistachio exporter and USA as the second exporter have a share of 69% and 8.9% respectively in the world exports. In 2003, the five main pistachio importers were Hong Kong, Spain, Germany, Italy and China. The amount of imported pistachio from Iran was respectively 87, 91, 65, 55 and 66.3 percent and from USA 0.7, 2.3, 10, 19.6 and 31.5 percent respectively. At present, markets such as China, Australia, Hong Kong, India, Syria, Mexico and Russia are more important than the European market. At present, about 39% of pistachio is sent to CIS countries such as Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, etc. In 2003, total imports of Australia, Spain, India, Mexico, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan was 94.3, 91.5, 79.2, 89, 97.1,85, 94 percent of Iran and 1, 2.3, 7.5, 10.4, 0.5, 0, 0 percent of America respectively. In 2002, Syria market was captured by Iran and in the same year total UAE pistachio imports was 96 and 1 percent from Iran and USA, respectively. | |
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